
By Sama Marwan,
In recent weeks, norovirus outbreaks have surged across the United States, leaving many wondering why there is still no vaccine to protect against this highly contagious virus. According to experts, more people are experiencing vomiting, diarrhea, and other potentially severe symptoms associated with norovirus. In this report, based on Times Now, we explore why there is no vaccine yet and when one might become available.
Significant Rise in Norovirus Cases
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) confirmed nearly 100 cases of norovirus since December last year, marking a significant increase compared to the same period in 2023.
Recently, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) also warned consumers about contaminated oysters and mussels with norovirus, highlighting how the virus spreads through food contamination.
On average, more than 20 million cases of norovirus are reported annually across the U.S., resulting in over 100,000 hospitalizations, primarily affecting elderly people and children with severe symptoms. The virus is estimated to cost the U.S. economy $2 billion annually in healthcare expenses and productivity losses.
Despite the high infection rate, there are limited preventive tools to stop the virus from spreading. However, no vaccine is available yet.
Why Is There No Norovirus Vaccine Yet?
Experts explain that norovirus is highly contagious and has a complex genetic evolution, constantly producing new variants.
The rapid mutation of the virus presents a major obstacle in creating a vaccine. Additionally, there are multiple subtypes of norovirus that cause outbreaks, which is why most people experience recurrent infections throughout their lives. Developing immunity to one strain does not provide protection against others.
Vaccines in Development
While creating a vaccine is challenging, researchers are actively working on solutions to prevent and treat norovirus infections.
Several experimental vaccines are currently undergoing clinical trials. One promising example is a 2023 vaccine developed by researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, which combines norovirus protection with an existing rotavirus vaccine, another leading cause of diarrhea.
Additionally, pharmaceutical companies are making progress. Notably, Moderna has a candidate vaccine that is currently being tested on human participants, according to Health.
How to Prevent Norovirus Without a Vaccine
Norovirus is difficult to stop once it spreads, due to its high contagiousness and viral structure. Therefore, it is essential to follow preventive measures to protect yourself.
Here are some key preventive tips recommended by doctors:
- Practice good hygiene:
- Wash your hands frequently, especially before eating and after using the bathroom.
- Cook seafood properly:
- Ensure that oysters, mussels, and other shellfish are thoroughly cooked.
- Wash produce before eating.
- Clean contaminated surfaces:
- Disinfect surfaces that may be contaminated with norovirus.
- Wash clothes with hot water to reduce the risk of transmission.
If you or a family member becomes infected with norovirus, stay hydrated to prevent dehydration. In case of severe symptoms, seek emergency medical care immediately.